Women and the West Discussion 1st Period

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Women and the West 2nd Period

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Women and the West Discussion 4th Period

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4th Period Discussion #3 The Trail of Tears

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2nd Period Discussion #3 The Trail of Tears

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1st Period Discussion #3 The Trail of Tears

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Backcountry Folkways Discussion #2 1st Period

Please post your discussion question as a comment to this post. Remember that good discussion questions are ones where the other students can offer their educated opinions. Discussion questions are not questions that require additional research and they are not questions about the reading. They are questions that ask the other students to think critically about the reading. 

To make a comment on this post, you can either sign in with your WCS gmail account and your name will be automatically recorded, or you can sign in as "Anonymous". If you choose the second option, you must include your name in the post.

I would like for you all to interact with the questions before our in class discussion, therefore, you will need to first answer the question that the person before you has asked (in paragraph form).

Then this time, you will write a brief summary of the folk way that you chose, and then you will write your question. Remember to do this as comment to this post. The first person to post his or her question obviously does not need to answer a question.

You will need to post your answer to the previous question and your new question by 7 am on the day of the discussion so that I have time to read through the questions and print them out for the discussion.

Backcountry Folkways Discussion #2 2nd Period

Please post your discussion question as a comment to this post. Remember that good discussion questions are ones where the other students can offer their educated opinions. Discussion questions are not questions that require additional research and they are not questions about the reading. They are questions that ask the other students to think critically about the reading. 

To make a comment on this post, you can either sign in with your WCS gmail account and your name will be automatically recorded, or you can sign in as "Anonymous". If you choose the second option, you must include your name in the post.

I would like for you all to interact with the questions before our in class discussion, therefore, you will need to first answer the question that the person before you has asked (in paragraph form).

Then this time, you will write a brief summary of the folk way that you chose, and then you will write your question. Remember to do this as comment to this post. The first person to post his or her question obviously does not need to answer a question.

You will need to post your answer to the previous question and your new question by 7 am on the day of the discussion so that I have time to read through the questions and print them out for the discussion.

Backcountry Folkways Discussion #2 4th Period

Please post your discussion question as a comment to this post. Remember that good discussion questions are ones where the other students can offer their educated opinions. Discussion questions are not questions that require additional research and they are not questions about the reading. They are questions that ask the other students to think critically about the reading. 

To make a comment on this post, you can either sign in with your WCS gmail account and your name will be automatically recorded, or you can sign in as "Anonymous". If you choose the second option, you must include your name in the post.

I would like for you all to interact with the questions before our in class discussion, therefore, you will need to first answer the question that the person before you has asked (in paragraph form).

Then this time, you will write a brief summary of the folk way that you chose, and then you will write your question. Remember to do this as comment to this post. The first person to post his or her question obviously does not need to answer a question.

You will need to post your answer to the previous question and your new question by 7 am on the day of the discussion so that I have time to read through the questions and print them out for the discussion.

Discussion #1: Jamestown and Boston Primary Sources 4th Period

Please post your discussion question as a comment to this post. Remember that good discussion questions are ones where the other students can offer their educated opinions. Discussion questions are not questions that require additional research and they are not questions about the reading. They are questions that ask the other students to think critically about the reading.

To make a comment on this post, you can either sign in with your WCS gmail account and your name will be automatically recorded, or you can sign in as "Anonymous". If you choose the second option, you must include your name in the post.

I would like for you all to interact with the questions before our in class discussion, therefore, you will need to first answer the question that the person before you has asked (in paragraph form) and then you will write your question. Remember to do this as comment to this post. The first person to post his or her question obviously does not need                                                              to answer a question.

You will need to post your answer to the previous question and your new question by 7 am on the day of the discussion so that I have time to read through the questions and print them out for the discussion.

Discussion #1: Jamestown and Boston Primary Sources 2nd Period

Please post your discussion question as a comment to this post. Remember that good discussion questions are ones where the other students can offer their educated opinions. Discussion questions are not questions that require additional research and they are not questions about the reading. They are questions that ask the other students to think critically about the reading.

To make a comment on this post, you can either sign in with your WCS gmail account and your name will be automatically recorded, or you can sign in as "Anonymous". If you choose the second option, you must include your name in the post.

I would like for you all to interact with the questions before our in class discussion, therefore, you will need to first answer the question that the person before you has asked (in paragraph form) and then you will write your question. Remember to do this as comment to this post. The first person to post his or her question obviously does not need                                                              to answer a question.

You will need to post your answer to the previous question and your new question by 7 am on the day of the discussion so that I have time to read through the questions and print them out for the discussion.

Discussion #1: Jamestown and Boston Primary Sources 1st Period

Please post your discussion question as a comment to this post. Remember that good discussion questions are ones where the other students can offer their educated opinions. Discussion questions are not questions that require additional research and they are not questions about the reading. They are questions that ask the other students to think critically about the reading.

To make a comment on this post, you can either sign in with your WCS gmail account and your name will be automatically recorded, or you can sign in as "Anonymous". If you choose the second option, you must include your name in the post.

I would like for you all to interact with the questions before our in class discussion, therefore, you will need to first answer the question that the person before you has asked (in paragraph form) and then you will write your question. Remember to do this as comment to this post. The first person to post his or her question obviously does not need                                                              to answer a question.

You will need to post your answer to the previous question and your new question by 7 am on the day of the discussion so that I have time to read through the questions and print them out for the discussion.

"The Purification Ritual"
Murder of the Adulterers

They hold weapons of wood and other non-metalic resources. They are holding wooden logs barley clothed.

"A Day on the Water"
It's not hard to fish in America.

Harior talked about the technology such as spears, oars, and nets used to catch fish. He also described the exotic sea creatures, such as sea crabs, turtles, mullets, trout, and other types of fish. Hariot explained which fish the Indians found more abundant in certain months. For example, during February, March, April, and May there are plentiful amounts of herring available for the Indians to catch.

"Ceremonial Resting House"
This house is created to protect the dead
from entering the Popagusso, the Indian
equivalent to hell. #well-rested

Neat, organzied dead bodies. Shoulder to shoulder, spaced evenly in wooden shed. Two Indians tending to shed by fire under shed. House to protect them from hell after they die. Stilted, above ground.

"Scene at a Native Village"
Bonfire worship at the native village, showing
its surroundings and the details of native life.

In the Indian village of Pomeiooc, the images show a small Indian settlement. A wall is shown for protection and there are work places and little houses. The Indians commune at the center of town to worship their gods at a bonfire. Hariot said what we said but in more detail. He described how the houses are made of small poles and how most of the towns are covered with bark. He went on to describe the shape and size of the buildings and added details he had learnt from his personal experience, such as how many towns a government owned.

"Priests in Nature"
The Indian priets are speaking about
their religion.
Within their religion they
believe in many gods, refered to as
Montans, with one supreme god.

There are two Indian priests having a conversation near the lake. They are on the bank of a the river and there are people in the water. They are both wearing capes over their bodies and have weird hair.

"Indian Community"
The Indian village of Secotan is
a simple yet well organized community.

In White's illustration, there are a lot of crops and farmland. There are many simple houses. It seems that they did not interrupt nature. Generally everything is organized and simple. The houses seem to be in the center of the "town". They have a designated worshipping ground.

Hariot is much more detailed. He also says things that you can't see just from the picture. Both of us stated that the Indians work with what they have and don't mess with the land that much.

"Everyday Indian Life on the Water"
Compared to the Europeans, the Indians
appear to be quite primitive
(the fact that their tools were simple
and had no clothing or protection as
advanced as the English confirms
this statement). Although the selection of fish
was more compared to that of England.

In both pictures there are four people in a canoe fishing with nets. Two people appear to be feeding a fire. The engraving has much more detail and is more exagerated. He [Thomas Hariot] touches every aspect of painting. Especially on the fish. The fish especially as a food source is described.

"A Day in the Life of Indian Living"
People in the Indian village going through
their everyday lives.

In both our description and Hariot's, the main focus centered around agriculture. As the people got crops ready, food is being prepared and fields are being tended to in the simplest ways in the eyes of the Europeans.

"Ceremonial Crematorium"
Keeping the Spirits Out 

Before the white people came to the land the Native Americans would only bury the dead. As they died some would come alive again and warn of the afterlife. Fearing the white people they were forced to burn their deceased so they would not come back and encounter the white people. We observed the animal skin which shows the religious aspect of this ceremony.

"Priest to the gods"
Native American priest as he
leads his people in
religious ceremony.

The Native American religion is one which included many gods. They were polytheistic and worshipped the sun, moon, and stars. The religious people, such as the priests, had certain attire. Their gods are very diverse and range in power. The gods are very important to these people and because they believe so much they may be easy to convert.

"Watercolor of an Indian village"
Ratonhake:ton is huddling around the fire with his
friends. After a hard day of hunting it is good
to find refuge in the village.

The villages were surrounded by walls. Their towns are small, close to the seacoast. The houses, along with the walls, were made of wood. The town's center is the fire pit.

"Royal Mother & Daughter"
The chief's wife accompanied
by her daughter wearing a
deerskin apron and arm sling
representing higher class
as well as her daughter
with her doll and toys.

The woman wears an apron and carries a jug. She is wearing a necklace of beads in which she carries her arm. Her daughter wears a necklace, a waist skin-tight animal [...] and carries a doll.

"Algonquian Festivity"
The Algonquians performing a festive ceremony using
plants and instruments in a circle of posts as they dance
around in a circle.

The Indians are performing some sort of ritual. An outer circle is composed of Indians dancing and posts with faces that seem to be idols of their god. In the middle three Indians huddle together. Looks like an agricultural ceremony for a good harvest as they are holding vegetation in their hands.

(Concerning both drawings) Indians are clothed in aprons of deer skin and are otherwise naked. They don't have advanced weapns beyond bows and truncheons. They are primitive and worship their own gods. There are different ranks of Indians, distinctive of their clothes.

"Chief's Wife and Young Daughter"
The woman [...] the 8 year old girl
as she holds two toys. They are
both very buff and represent
Indians at a young age and Indians
who are of high status, like the
Chief's wife.

There is a woman clothed with an apron of deer skin and a naked child playing with a toy. The woman holds a jug of water in the midst of a desert area. The woman's decorated arm sling signifies her high title of chief's wife. The child is naked next to the woman naked conversing.

"Indian Settlement in Pomieooc"
The Indian Village of Pomieooc, located
near the sea coast, had the largest
houses of any Indians.

There's a huge fire in the middle where they seem to be worshipping. It is an Indian village. They lived in big straw houses. The village is of Pomeiooc. It is surrounded by the barks of the tree. They were able to get water from nearby. They grew corn in order to eat. They wee near the ocean.

"Algonquian Funeral for Deceased"
The Algonquians prepare their dead for
death and the afterlife.

The picture looks like they are burning the dead because of some fatal outbreak (smallpox). The bodies look sickly and unhealthy, as they are extremely skinny and high in number. The bodies are being burned at this Algonquian funeral.

(After reading the accompanying text by Thomas Hariot) We were correct in that it was for the dead, but the building was more ceremonial than for burial. It was religious and spoke of the after life.

"Fishing in a Native American Society"
For about four months out of the year,
the fish in the New World are very
much like the fish that we see in England.
However, these fish grow to be much
larger and even better to eat. Each
day, men set out to fish out of boats
with traps and with spears in shallow water.

In this illustration by John White, he artfully displays the daily act of fishing by the native people. White shows men in a canoe with the catch from the day rowing back in to shore along with two men wading in the shallow water spearing fish. It is also shown that the natives were industrious and built traps and pens to keep live fish. There is also a large variety of crustaceans, turtles, rays, and fish in the new world.

"A Walk with the Gods"
An Indian priest strolls through
the land, pondering about the gods
he follows so obediently.
He is the Great Mediator, and
he very well knows it. 

The image of a the single Indian priest is a watercolor by John White. The priest is wearing a short dress, which in that time seemed "conservative." One of the priest's arms is hidden. The priest's hair is also shaved into a mohawk-like thing. He is also barefoot. The priest is the principal person under the gods. The Indians had many gods, but there was one chief god.

"A Day in a Native American Tribe"
A Snap Shot of Daily Life and Culture

The Native Americans of the city of Secotan were smart, civilized people. They lived in an organized city that was separated into sections according to their purposes, such as agriculture, hunting, living spcae, and religious practice. The city had a good infrastructure, which can be seen in the well-built huts that are lined along a main road. Thomas Hariot especially took notice of the Native Americans' simple, yet effective, farming methods. They did not use fertilizers or plows, but instead only weeded the ground and planted their crops neatly. They did not waste the remaining roots of the old corn and instead used it to make fire. All in all, Hariot was impressed with the Native Americans' culture and civilization.